Universal Multilateral Process on Oceans and the Law of the Sea (in Russian)

A significant number of international organizations and forums deal with the issues concerning Oceans and the law of the sea. However, the competence of many of them is limited to specific issues. In this context, given the contemporary challenges in the field, the application of a holistic and cross-sectoral approach appears to be of high relevance and importance.

This review, therefore, examines and compares multilateral processes within the framework of the Meeting of States Parties to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, the UN General Assembly, the UN Open-ended Informal Consultative Process on Oceans and the Law of the Sea, and the UN Conference to Support the Implementation of Sustainable Development Goal 14. The mandate of these institutional mechanisms and the involvement of a broad range of participants in their work enable comprehensive discussion of a wide set of maritime issues as well as adoption of decisions, including those affecting ocean governance and clarification and development of the law of the sea provisions. The analysis indicates that the UN General Assembly plays a key role in relevant matters. Nevertheless, the increasing complexity and interconnection of modern challenges and problems of oceans and the law of the sea raise the question of the sufficiency of existing institutional mechanisms, the expediency of their further improvement, or the possible creation of a new body capable of providing a holistic and coordinated approach to the development of the “maritime” agenda at the global level.